Lot description:
BAKTRIA, Indo-Greek Kingdom. Menander I Soter. Circa 155-130 BC. Æ Sixteen Unit (29x32mm, 41.02 g, 12h). Square module. Helmeted and draped bust of Athena right / Horse rearing right; monogram below. Bopearachchi Série 24 (monogram unlisted), but cf. 13E (AR drachm); Bopearachchi & Rahman – SNG ANS –; MIG –; Zeno –; HGC 12, 199; CNG 115, lot 408. Brown surfaces, roughness. VF. Extremely rare monogram for this denomination.
From the Plus 20 Collection. Ex Klaus Grigo Collection (Gorny & Mosch 297, 9 October 2023), lot 300.
Menander I Soter, known as Melinda in Indian lore, is likely the most famous Greek ruler of the far east, and is the only one whose reign left an indelible imprint on Indian historical traditions. His reign overlapped and extended beyond that of Eukratides I Megas in Baktria, apparently beginning circa 155 BC in the northern Punjab. His was reputedly born near Sagala (modern Sialkot, Pakistan) and later made that city his capital. How he rose to power is unrecorded, but he successfully resisted the efforts of Eukratides to invade and absorb this region in about 150 BC. When Eukratides was assassinated in 145 BC, Menander counter-invaded and seized all of that king's Indian possessions. Ultimately he ruled a large swath of northern India that extended as far south as the Hindu holy city of Mathura. An enduring tradition paints Menander as a convert to Buddhism, and a long conversation between the king and a Buddhist sage named Nagasena is recorded in a text called the Melinda Panha ("Questions of Melinda"). He is described as "learned, eloquent, wise, and able, and a faithful observer... of all the various acts of devotion and ceremony" required by the faith. "Many were the arts and sciences he knew... as a disputant he was hard to equal, harder still to overcome." It concludes, "as in wisdom so in strength of body, swiftness, and valour there was found none equal to Melinda in all India. He was rich too, mighty in wealth and prosperity, and the number of his armed hosts knew no end."
Estimate: 750 USD |  |